Acute Effect of Inspiratory Muscle Training on Peripheral Tissue Oxygenation Behavior in Individuals With COPD: A Randomized Crossover Study

Background and Purpose Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a pulmonary condition characterized by airflow obstruction, which progresses with systemic alterations such as changes in muscle composition and metabolism, anticipating the …

Assessment of muscle oxygenation following eccentric exercise-induced muscle damage using near-infrared spectroscopy

Exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD) disrupts muscle structure and function, impairing recovery and performance. Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) offers a non-invasive method to assess muscle oxygenation, yet its sensitivity to EIMD-related changes …

BDNF relates to prefrontal cortex activity in the context of physical exercise

Exercise has been shown to support brain health, cognitive function, and increase levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). While BDNF is known to support the central nervous system through improved brain metabolism, vasculature, …

Cognitive and neural mechanisms of improving informal reasoning in human-GenAI interactive learning contexts: An fNIRS study

While generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) has advanced personalized interactive learning, the cognitive and neural mechanisms underlying learners’ informal reasoning improvement remain underexplored. Thus, we conducted sliding-window …

Cortical network dynamics and neural decoding of fine motor complexity via fNIRS and attention-based deep learning

Fine motor decline serves as a critical early biomarker for neurodegenerative diseases like Parkinson’s disease, making its accurate assessment essential for early detection and intervention. While functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) offers …

Coupling multi-view features and personalized alignment for depression recognition with fNIRS

To handle nonstationary dynamics and intersubject variability in fNIRS depression classification, we fuse temporal, spectral, spatial, and cross-channel features and design a multiscale DTW with temporal and channel attention. Individual and cohort …

Effects of 6-day ischaemic preconditioning on adaptations to an altitude training camp in cross-country skiers

To determine whether ischaemic preconditioning (IPC) administered prior to an altitude training camp could enhance aerobic fitness and endurance performance in athletes. In a randomized controlled trial, 19 competitive (Tiers 3–5) cross-country (XC) …

Impact of Architecture Façade Design on Neurophysiological Stress Using Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy and Heart Rate Variability

Within industrialised and emerging industrialised economies people typically spend over 95% in industrialised and emerging industrialised economies typically spend over 95% of their time in built environments, yet the neurophysiological impact of …

Investigating Physical Exercise and Cognitive Training Effects on Cognition and Brain Health in Men and Women with Heart Failure: The ReCARDIO Trial

Cognitive impairment can affect up to 50% of patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) and is associated with reduced treatment adherence, high mortality rates, and poor quality of life. Non-pharmacological strategies including cognitive intervention …

Menstrual cycle influences skeletal muscle oxygenation during high-intensity interval training: a work to rest evaluation

Introduction: The menstrual cycle (MC), characterized by hormonal fluctuations, may impact skeletal muscle oxygenation (SMO) during high-intensity interval training (HIIT). SMO measured around HIIT in eumenorrheic (EUM) or hormonal contraceptive (HC) …

Muscle Fatigue in Dynamic Movement: Limitations and Challenges, Experimental Design, and New Research Horizons

Research on muscle fatigue during dynamic movement using surface electromyography (sEMG) constitutes a significant challenge within biomechanics. Despite a degree of standardization, measurements and their resultant findings continue to attract …

Prefrontal cortex connectivity during right and left hand dexterity tests in younger and older adults

Background Age can negatively impact activation and connectivity among prefrontal cortex (PFC) regions during demanding motor functions, such as hand dexterity tasks. The study objective was to compare functional connectivity between PFC regions …

The Acute Physiological Effects of Multiple Muscle Stimulation

Neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) has been shown to provide health benefits similar to those of exercise. The aim of this study was to quantify the acute physiological effects of multiple muscle stimulation on the whole body and individual …

The Longitudinal Impact of Bone Anchored Hearing Aid Adoption on Resting-State Functional Connectivity Using fNIRS: A Multiple Single-Case Experimental Approach

Background/Objectives: Three types of neuroplasticity that have been reported following hearing aid uptake include: cross-modal reorganization, homologue shifts, and neighbouring region restructuring. However, such evidence primarily stems from …

The Priming Effect of Auxiliary Line Construction on Mathematical Creative Thinking: An fNIRS Study

Auxiliary line construction has been identified as a crucial approach to fostering mathematical creative thinking. However, existing studies have only focused on the correlations between auxiliary line construction tasks and mathematical creative …

Vascular and skeletal muscle oxidative capacity responses to continuous double and single leg cycling

The purpose of this work was to determine endothelial, microvascular, skeletal muscle oxidative capacity (SMOC) and cardiorespiratory responses to an acute bout of continuous single leg cycling (SLC) and double leg cycling (DLC). Ten recreationally …

A Comparative Study of Cerebral Oxygenation During Exercise in Hemodialysis and Peritoneal Dialysis Patients

Introduction Cognitive impairment and exercise intolerance are common in dialysis patients. Cerebral perfusion and oxygenation play a major role in both cognitive function and exercise execution; HD session per se aggravates cerebral ischemia in this …

A Single Bout of Continuous Blood Flow Restriction Walking Does Not Negatively Affect Lower Limb Microvascular Function: Original Research

Introduction: Diminished macrovascular vasodilatory function has been reported following one blood flow restriction (BFR) walking bout. The primary aim was to investigate the potential effect that walking exercise (control, BFR) and cool-down …

Bioceramic arm garment does not increase diameter of brachial artery and blood flow—Compliance and biceps microcirculation in male recreational sports practitioners at rest: A single blinded randomized cross over study

Background Interest in clothing that reflects far infrared (FIR) radiation naturally emitted by the body during and after exercise has increased based on the assumption that this can increase arterial and venous blood flow. Indeed, in vitro and …

Brain network and activity in frontal regions change in the process of visuomotor adaptation

Frontal regions are involved in early stages of motor adaptation. However, the interactions between prefrontal cortex (PFC) and motor cortex (MC) remain unclear. Therefore, we investigated the relationship between PFC and MC in the process of motor …