Using noninvasive methods to drive brain-computer interface (BCI): The role of electroencephalography and functional near-infrared spectroscopy in BCI

The success of brain-computer interfaces (BCI) systems is largely dependent on the ability to record and interpret clear neurophysiological signals invasively or noninvasively through the scalp and skull. In particular, two noninvasive techniques of …

Effect of hypoxia on cerebrovascular and cognitive function during moderate intensity exercise

Exercise in hypoxia places added demands on the brain and cerebrovasculature that can impact cognitive function. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of acute hypoxia on cerebrovascular hemodynamics, markers of neuro-steroidal …

Acute cocoa flavanol improves cerebral oxygenation without enhancing executive function at rest or after exercise

Acute exercise-induced improvements in cognitive function are accompanied by increased (cerebral) blood flow and increased brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels. Acute cocoa flavanol (CF) intake may improve cognitive function, cerebral …

Evaluation of brain toxicity following near infrared light exposure after indocyanine green dye injection

Indocyanine green (ICG) has excellent safety records and is widely used in medical diagnosis. Recently, a new method has been developed to estimate cerebral blood flow (CBF) using ICG in combination with near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). The new …