Background: Clinicians typically rely on neuropsychological and balance tests to track concussion recovery. The aforementioned tests imply impairments that are based on performance, but these tests do not directly measure brain physiology throughout …

The venous–arterial difference in CO2 ($Δ$CO2) has been proposed as an index of the adequacy of tissue perfusion in shock states. We hypothesized that the variation in PaCO2 (hyper- or hypocapnia) could impact $Δ$CO2, partly through microcirculation …

We describe a case of experimentally induced pre-syncope in a healthy young man when exposed to increased inspired CO2 in a background of hypoxia. Acute severe hypoxia (FIO2=0.10) was tolerated, but adding CO2 to the inspirate caused pre-syncope …

Conventional near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), introduced by Jobsis in 1977, can be considered as a reliable trend monitor for cerebral oxygenation. Quantisation, however, is complex and cumbersome. Recently a relatively simple system for cerebral …