The motivation behind using physiological measures to estimate cognitive activity is typically to build technology that can help people to understand themselves and their work, or indeed for systems to do so and adapt. While functional Near Infrared …

As Digital Manufacturing transforms traditionally physical work into more system-monitoring tasks, new methods are required for understanding people's mental workload and prolonged capacity for focused attention. Many physiological measures have …

Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) has been used with moderate success in many passive brain-computer interface applications. Much of this recent work has been focused on differentiating between various states shortly following discrete …