Quadriceps Muscle Length Differentially Affects Exercise Capacity, the Torque‐Duration Relationship, and Neuromuscular Fatigue

To determine the effects of muscle length on exercise capacity, critical torque/W′ and neuromuscular fatigue. Thirteen subjects performed 60 isometric maximal voluntary contractions (MVC) over a period of 5 min, at five knee angles to manipulate …

The Effects of Small Changes in Power Output Below and Above the Maximal Lactate Steady State in Performance Fatigability in Older Females and Males

Purpose: In young adults, performance fatigability is affected by sex even with minor power output (PO) changes around the maximal lactate steady-state (MLSS). This study investigated whether these sex- and intensity-dependent effects persisted in …

Cortical and Kinematic Correlates of Feedback-Based Head Stabilization During Treadmill Walking

Human motor control relies on the integration of sensory information to ensure stable and efficient move ment. Augmented feedback (aFB) provides external cues that can enhance movement execution, yet little is known about its neural correlates during …

Long-Term Tai Chi Exercise Slows the Degeneration of Functional Specialization Within Prefrontal Cortex in Older Adults During Precision Fitting Tasks

Objectives: This study investigated whether older adults with Tai Chi (TC) exercise exhibited similar dynamic postural stability and prefrontal cortex (PFC) activation as young adults during precision fitting tasks. Methods: Gender-matched groups of …

Energy metabolism and muscle activation heterogeneity explain V̇O2$dotV_rmO_rm2$ slow component and muscle fatigue of cycling at different intensities

This study aimed to explain the slow component ( ) and muscle fatigue during cycling at different intensities. The muscle fatigue of 16 participants was determined through maximal isokinetic effort lasting 3 s during constant work rate bouts of …

Haemodynamics and oxygenation in the lower‐limb muscles of young ambulatory adults with cerebral palsy

Aim To evaluate muscle haemodynamics and oxygen metabolism in adults with cerebral palsy (CP) at rest and during exercise. Method This cross-sectional study included 12 adults with spastic CP (four females, eight males; mean age [SD] 29 years 6 …

The “normal” adjustment of oxygen delivery to small muscle mass exercise is not optimized for muscle contractile function

Oxygen delivery is viewed as tightly coupled to demand in exercise below critical power because increasing oxygen delivery does not increase VO2. However, whether the “normal” adjustment of oxygen delivery to small muscle mass exercise in the heavy …

Bilateral heel-rise test performance and physiological response are influenced by cadence and ankle position

INTRODUCTION: Different heel-rise test (HRT) protocols have been used, possibly leading to varied responses. It is necessary to analyse the impact of protocol variation on test responses. PURPOSE: To compare the performance, muscle oxygenation (MO), …

Dietary Nitrate Supplementation Enhances Performance and Speeds Muscle Deoxyhaemoglobin Kinetics during an End-Sprint after Prolonged Moderate-Intensity Exercise

Short-term dietary nitrate (NO3−) supplementation has the potential to enhance performance during submaximal endurance, and short-duration, maximal-intensity exercise. However, it has yet to be determined whether NO3− supplementation before and …

Green and Pleasant Lands: The Affective and Cerebral Hemodynamic Effects of Presence in Virtual Environments During Exercise

Pleasant exercise experiences increase the likelihood of exercise adherence, and innovative strategies to promote consistently pleasant exercise experiences are needed. In this study we compared a novel nature-based virtual reality environment, a …

Acute performance and physiological responses to upper-limb multi-set exercise to failure: effects of external resistance and systemic hypoxia: Local and systemic hypoxia combined

This study quantified performance and physiological responses during multi-set resistance exercise to failure at light versus moderate loads in normoxia and systemic hypoxia. On separate visits, fifteen resistance-trained adults performed barbell …

Central and Peripheral Oxygen Distribution in Two Different Modes of Interval Training

In high-intensity interval training the interval duration can be adjusted to optimize training results in oxygen uptake, cardiac output, and local oxygen supply. This study aimed to compare these variables in two interval trainings (long intervals …

Acute effects of myofascial reorganization on trapezius muscle oxygenation in individuals with nonspecific neck pain

Background and purpose Nonspecific neck pain (NNP) is a common idiopathic disorder in the general population that affects the trapezius muscle (TM) and blood supply, thereby compromising the fascial system. Myofascial reorganization (MR) is a …

Beyond the Patient’s Report: Self-Reported, Subjective, Objective and Estimated Walking Disability in Patients with Peripheral Artery Disease

Among patients with peripheral artery disease, an altered estimation of walking ability reported to the physician may influence the choice of treatment. We compared claudication distance (CD) values reported by patients or assessed by validated …

Effect of heat pre-conditioning on recovery following exercise-induced muscle damage

This study investigated the influence of heat pre-conditioning on the recovery of muscle torque, microvascular function, movement economy and stride mechanics following exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD). Twenty male participants were equally …

Effects of Acute Hypoxia on Psycho-Physiological Response and Muscle Oxygenation during Incremental Running Exercise

The objective of this study was to compare and evaluate the effectiveness of three protocols of intermittent exposure to simulated altitude (hypobaric hypoxia). This was done in order to determine the shortest protocol in which hematological changes …

Effects of high flow nasal cannula on exercise endurance in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Background: Ventilation limitation has a significant adverse effects on cardiovascular function and tissue oxygenation during exercise in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). High flow nasal cannula (HFNC) improve ventilation …

Effects of high-intensity interval exercise and moderate-intensity continuous exercise on executive function of healthy young males

PURPOSE: This study compared the executive function (EF) performance induced by moderate-intensity continuous exercise (MICE) versus high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE), under two exercise modalities (i.e., running vs. cycling), and explore …

Effects of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation on Cycling Time Trial Performance and Prefrontal Cortex Activation

Background:Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a neuromodulatory tech-nique that delivers low levels of a constant current via scalp electrodes to specificallytargeted areas of the brain. The effects of tDCS on whole-body exercise …

Greater habitual moderate-to-vigorous physical activity is associated with better executive function and higher prefrontal oxygenation in older adults

International physical activity guidelines recommend that older adults accumulate 150 min/week of moderate-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). It is unclear whether meeting this recommendation is associated with better higher-order cognitive functions …