A Performance Indicator for Optimizing Source–Detector Separation in Functional Near‐Infrared Spectroscopy

The performance of Functional Near‐Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS) devices critically depends on the probe design, which affects signal quality, spatial and depth resolution, and data reliability. A critical component of probe separation is …

Acute effects of inspiratory muscle warm-up on muscle oxygenation, perceived exertion and prefrontal cortical activation

Background: Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a chronic degenerative disease characterized primarily by pain and joint dysfunction, especially during level and stair walking. Although traditionally classified as a peripheral joint disease, emerging …

Bilateral NIRS measurements of muscle mitochondrial capacity: Feasibility and repeatability

Background Non-invasive determination of mitochondrial capacity via near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) typically involves voluntary exercise of a single muscle group followed by as many as 26 brief ischemic cuff occlusions to determine a single …

Critical power and critical oxygenation: examining transferability between normoxia and hypoxia

We sought to investigate if critical oxygenation (COx) is a robust marker of exercise intensity, and if it remains stable in normoxia and hypoxia with simultaneous changes in critical power (CP) and heart rate (HR).Thirty-three highly trained …

Differences in sensory-motor cortex activation patterns during level and stair walking in patients with knee osteoarthritis: protocol for a cross-sectional study

Background Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a chronic degenerative disease characterized primarily by pain and joint dysfunction, especially during level and stair walking. Although traditionally classified as a peripheral joint disease, emerging …

Effects of Proteinuria on Cerebral and Muscle Oxygenation and Microvascular Reactivity in Patients With Pre-Dialysis Chronic Kidney Disease: A Post-Hoc Analysis

Introduction Vascular dysfunction is a hallmark of chronic kidney disease (CKD), with previous studies showing progressively deteriorating microvascular reactivity in skeletal muscles with advancing CKD stages. Additionally, cognitive impairment is …

Impact of acute and chronic cycling exercise on microvascular reactivity of the upper and lower extremity muscles in young healthy females

Background Few studies have evaluated the impact of exercise on specific skeletal muscle microvascular function, despite its importance. This study aimed to assess the acute and chronic effects of cycling exercise on microvascular reactivity in the …

Impaired cerebral hemodynamics and oxygenation in type 2 diabetes: insights into insulin resistance and hyperglycemia effects

Aims Emerging evidence suggests Type 2 diabetes (T2D) may adversely affect cerebral hemodynamics and oxygenation. This study aimed to explore the impact of uncomplicated T2D on cerebral hemodynamics and oxygenation during maximal exercise. Methods In …

Paraspinal muscle deoxygenation and neuromuscular involvement of agonist and antagonist muscles during prolonged trunk extension exercise

Objective: To investigate the agonist and antagonist muscles implication during a prolonged trunk extension exercise and to determine the relationship with paraspinal muscle metabolic and hemodynamic responses in healthy individuals. Methods: Sixteen …

Psychophysiological research in real-world environments: methodological perspectives from the SLU Multisensory Outdoor Laboratory

Growing evidence demonstrates the importance of environmental quality for human health and wellbeing. Environmental psychology can inform planning and design of future environments, but previous research often used simulated settings, limiting …

Resting-State Connectivity and Neuroimaging of Prefrontal Cortex Activity During a Block-Design Yoga Asana Practice Using fNIRS

This study aimed to use functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) mobile neuroimaging technology to examine changes in prefrontal cortex (PFC) activity before, during, and after yoga asana (physical yoga postures). A total of 27 healthy adults …

Similar improvements in skeletal muscle oxidative capacity after moderate (10 RM) and high repetition (20 RM) resistance training

Objectives This study investigated whether six weeks of resistance training to concentric failure performed with either a moderate (10-repetition maximum) or high (20-repetition maximum) repetition range enhances skeletal muscle oxidative capacity, …

Statistical Parametric Mapping Analysis of Muscle-Oxygenation Kinetics in Response to Repeated-Sprint Training in Hypoxia

Purpose: To examine the effect of repeated-sprint training in hypoxia (RSH) on oxygenation kinetics in the vastus lateralis muscle using statistical parametric mapping during repeated treadmill sprints in world-class female Rugby Sevens players. …

Stress and Strategic Decision Making

Purpose Psychology and social science research offer some promising work in the field of decision-making science. However, given the qualitative nature of much of this research, understanding some physiological bases of decision-making may assist by …

The acute effect of two exercise modalities on neurocognitive responses in postmenopausal women: A randomized controlled trial

Menopause-related cognitive decline, often worsened by vasomotor symptoms (VMS), might be mitigated by high cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF). Although acute exercise supports neurocognitive function, its effects vary by exercise and individual …

Time-course and pressure-dependent changes in microvascular responses during ischemic preconditioning

This investigation examined a moderate individualized pressure (i.e., percentage of total arterial occlusion pressure [TAOP]) compared to low and high absolute pressures on muscle tissue oxygenation (StO2) throughout ischemic preconditioning (IPC). …

Verbal arm swing instructions alter arm-leg interlimb coordination but not prefrontal cortex hemodynamics in people with Parkinson's disease

Verbal instructions related to the arm swing amplitude and velocity change step gait behavior in people with Parkinson's disease (PwPD) and neurotypical individuals. However, how verbal instructions related to upper limb act on interlimb coordination …

A MATLAB-based tool for converting fNIRS time-series data to Homer3-compatible formats

Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS) is increasingly used in cognitive neuroscience and clinical research, yet preprocessing raw time-series data remains challenging. We introduce a lightweight MATLAB tool to automate the conversion of fNIRS …

An Unpowered Exoskeleton With a Bionic Multi-Segment Foot Structure for Walking Assistance

Lower limb exoskeletons have been designed to assist human walking. However, current unpowered exoskeletons primarily targeted the ankle joint, but neglected the energy storage and recoil within the foot. In this study, we proposed an unpowered …

Cerebral Haemodynamic Assessment Following Sport-related Concussion (Mild Traumatic Brain Injury) in Youth and Amateur Rugby Union Players

Background Using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) as an objective diagnostic tool, we aimed to (1) compare fNIRS measurements in adult and youth male rugby players against controls over a playing season, and 2) document the fNIRS changes …