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This scoping review analyzes the use of Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS) in game-based learning (GBL) settings, providing a thorough examination of contemporary trends and approaches.Employing the PRISMA framework, an initial collection …

Significance: Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is a promising alternative to functional magnetic resonance imaging for measuring brain activity, but the presence of hair reduces data quality. Aim: To improve research efficiency and …

Background Robot-assisted hand function therapy is pivotal in the rehabilitation of patients with stroke; however, its therapeutic mechanism remains elusive. Currently, research examining the impact of robot-assisted hand function therapy on brain …

While extant research on empathy has made significant progress in uncovering the mechanisms underlying the responses of an observer (empathizer) to the distress of another (target), it remains unclear how the interaction between the empathizer and …

Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) has been used to treat chronic pain. However, the potential efficacy and mechanism of the effect of applying TENS for a short time in chronic pain patients remains unclear. To identify the effect of …

Background In critically ill patients, deep sedation and mechanical ventilation suppress the brain-diaphragm-lung axis and are associated with cognitive issues in survivors. Methods This exploratory crossover design study investigates whether phrenic …

In the era of an expected increase in the presence of autonomous systems, in industrial settings, the need to develop intelligent interfaces for human workers is gaining attention. Worker mistrust and stress result because autonomous systems don’t …

Problematic smartphone use (PSU) is common among young people and linked to poor academic performance. However, how PSU affects learning processes remains unclear. This study investigated the influence of auditory cue stimulation during a reading …

Background Surgeons can experience elevated cognitive workload (CWL) during surgery due to various factors including operative technicalities and the environmental demands of the operating theatre. This can result in poorer outcomes and have a …

Researchers implementing non-invasive neuroimaging have reported distinct load-dependent brain activity patterns in older adults compared with younger adults. Although findings are mixed, these age-related patterns are often associated with …

Objective Semantic verbal fluency (SVF) engages cognitive functions such as executive function, mental flexibility, and semantic memory. Left frontal and temporal lobes, particularly the left inferior frontal gyrus (IFG), are crucial for SVF. This …

Freezing of gait, characterized by involuntary interruptions of walking, is a debilitating motor symptom of Parkinson's disease that restricts people's autonomy. Previous brain imaging studies investigating the mechanisms underlying freezing were …

Maintaining good situation awareness is crucial for workers’ safety on the dynamic and complex construction site, and workers with more experience may contribute to better performance in safety. However, little research has investigated the cognitive …

Establishing proper trust between human workers and robots is crucial for ensuring safe and effective human-robot interaction in various industries, including construction. An accurate trust prediction facilitates timely feedback and interventions, …

In the realm of human factors, objective assessment of cognitive states is crucial for the safe completion of tasks. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) can be employed to recognize the cognitive activities and evaluate the mental workload …

Although the impact of group dynamics on creativity is widely recognized, prior research has primarily concentrated on individuals in isolation from social context. To address this lacuna, we focus on groups as the fundamental unit of analysis. We …

Significance Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) presents an opportunity to study human brains in everyday activities and environments. However, achieving robust measurements under such dynamic conditions remains a significant challenge. …

Background: Postpartum depression (PPD) affects 30–50% of women with a history of previous depression or bipolar disorder and 8% of women with no history of depression. Negative cognitive biases in the perception of infant cues and difficulties with …

Living in high-expressed emotion (EE) environments, characterized by critical, hostile, or over-involved family attitudes, has been linked to increased relapse rates among individuals with schizophrenia (SZ). In our previous work (Wang et al., 2023), …

Background: The hemodynamics of prefrontal cortex (PFC) oxygenation are regulated by numerous processes operating over multiple temporal scales, producing complex patterns in its output fluctuations. Age may alter this multiscale regulation of PFC …